Hui liu , Shiqiang  Huang

Tropical Animal Resources Research Center, Hainan Institute of Tropical Agricultural Resources, Sanya 572025, Hainan, China
Author    Correspondence author
International Journal of Molecular Ecology and Conservation, 2024, Vol. 14, No. 6   
Received: 20 Aug., 2025    Accepted: 31 Oct., 2024    Published: 28 Nov., 2024

This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

This study sorted out the diverse manifestations of fish ecological adaptation, such as morphology, physiology, and behavior, analyzed the genetic basis and molecular mechanism of ecological adaptation-related traits, and explained the role of evolutionary dynamics such as natural selection, gene flow, genetic drift, and hybridization in adaptive evolution. At the same time, through case studies of fish in extreme environments, migratory fish, and fish affected by human activities, the genetic and evolutionary patterns of ecological adaptation were clarified. In addition, the important application value of fish ecological adaptation research in species protection, ecological restoration, fishery resource management, and responding to global climate change was discussed. This study emphasizes that the ecological adaptation of fish is a multi-level complex process driven by genetic mechanisms and evolutionary dynamics, and calls for strengthening cross-species comparisons, multi-omics integration, and long-term ecological monitoring in the future to promote the in-depth understanding and practical application of ecological adaptation mechanisms.

Fish; Ecological adaptation; Genetic mechanism; Evolutionary dynamics; Genomics