Jiong Fu

Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Sanya, 572025, Hainan, China
Author    Correspondence author
International Journal of Molecular Ecology and Conservation, 2025, Vol. 15, No. 6   
Received: 12 Sep., 2025    Accepted: 24 Oct., 2025    Published: 11 Nov., 2025

This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

This study analyzed the cycling mechanisms of major nutrients in grasslands, the decomposition processes of litter and soil organic matter, the ecological functions of microorganisms and soil animals, as well as the regulatory effects of climate change and human interference on nutrient cycling. Research has found that grassland ecosystems, with their unique vegetation structure, climatic conditions and soil environment, play a significant role in the global biogeochemical cycle. As one of the largest types of terrestrial ecosystems in terms of area, grasslands undertake key functions such as carbon storage, soil conservation, energy flow and food supply, while the nutrient cycle and decomposition process constitute the core mechanism for their stable operation. In the grassland, plants, microorganisms and soil animals achieve the redistribution of key nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and carbon through multi-scale and multi-pathway interactions. Meanwhile, the decomposition of litter, rhizosphere processes and the physical and chemical environment of the soil jointly regulate the speed and direction of nutrient release, thereby maintaining grassland productivity and system resilience. This research is of great significance for understanding the sustainable state of grassland ecosystems, predicting future functional changes and formulating management strategies, providing a theoretical basis for grassland protection and ecological management.

Grassland ecosystem; Nutritional cycle; Decomposition of fallen leaves; Microbial processes; Soil animals